nutrient

Alpha-tocopherol

The vitamin E form preferentially retained in human plasma and used for the EFSA adult AI.

Alpha-tocopherol occurs in natural and synthetic stereochemical forms. Labels may distinguish d-alpha from dl-alpha forms.

What the form means

Alpha-tocopherol is the principal reference form for vitamin E activity and is preferentially retained by the liver. The label’s stereochemistry and amount matter when comparing products.

Food sources

Per 100 g
Food amounts and reference percentages, both per 100 g
FoodPer 100 gDaily reference
Almonds, dry-roasted and salted19 mg146.15–172.73%
Atlantic salmon, farmed, raw (SR Legacy 2018)3.55 mg27.31–32.27%
Atlantic sardines, canned in oil (SR Legacy 2018)2.04 mg15.69–18.55%
Spinach, raw (SR Legacy 2018)2.03 mg15.62–18.45%
Hummus, commercial1.74 mg13.38–15.82%
Show 10 more foods
Food amounts and reference percentages, both per 100 g
FoodPer 100 gDaily reference
Atlantic salmon, farmed, cooked (SR Legacy 2018)1.14 mg8.77–10.36%
Grape tomatoes, raw0.98 mg7.54–8.91%
Carrots, frozen and unprepared0.69 mg5.31–6.27%
Braised chicken breast0.33 mg2.54–3%
Braised chicken drumstick0.17 mg1.31–1.55%
Soy milk, unsweetened and shelf-stable0.16 mg1.2–1.42%
Lentils, cooked and salted (SR Legacy 2018)0.11 mg0.85–1%
Cottage cheese, 2% fat0.08 mg0.62–0.73%
Low-fat milk, 1% and fortified0.02 mg0.15–0.18%
Greek yogurt, plain nonfat0.01 mg0.08–0.09%

Compared with EFSA’s adult reference of 11–13 mg/day. The percentage range reflects different adult reference groups.

About these amounts

These values describe the named food and preparation. A 100 g comparison is not a suggested serving. Small amounts are rounded for display; an unreported amount is not zero.

Healthy European adults; women / men; alpha-tocopherol. Adequate intake: 11–13 mg/day. These are population references, not individual targets.

Portions recorded by the source

  • Almonds, dry-roasted and salted: 1 cup (135 g) — 25.65 mg, 197.31–233.18% of the daily reference.
  • Hummus, commercial: 2 tablespoon (33.9 g) — 0.59 mg, 4.54–5.36% of the daily reference.
  • Braised chicken breast: 1 piece (174 g) — 0.57 mg, 4.42–5.22% of the daily reference.
  • Braised chicken drumstick: 1 drumstick (104 g) — 0.18 mg, 1.36–1.61% of the daily reference.
  • Cottage cheese, 2% fat: 1 cup (220 g) — 0.18 mg, 1.35–1.6% of the daily reference.
  • Low-fat milk, 1% and fortified: 1 cup (246 g) — 0.05 mg, 0.38–0.45% of the daily reference.
  • Greek yogurt, plain nonfat: 1 container (156 g) — 0.02 mg, 0.12–0.14% of the daily reference.

The source records and EFSA guidance are linked in References below.

Forms

  • Alpha-tocopherol is a form of Vitamin E.

    Alpha-tocopherol is a named chemical form within its parent vitamin family.

Worth knowing

  • The retained vitamin E form. Alpha-tocopherol is the vitamin E form preferentially retained in human plasma and used for the EFSA adult reference value. Food and supplement labels can further distinguish natural d-alpha from synthetic dl-alpha forms.

A closer look

Natural and synthetic labels mean different mixtures

Natural d-alpha-tocopherol and synthetic dl-alpha-tocopherol are not identical mixtures. NIH ODS reports different activity per milligram for the natural and synthetic forms, so the named form and the amount belong together when a label is interpreted.

References

Source-checked local draft.
Human editorial review pending.

  1. NIH Office of Dietary SupplementsVitamin E: Fact Sheet for Health ProfessionalsChecked 2026-09-05
  2. European Food Safety AuthorityDietary Reference Values for nutrients: Summary reportChecked 2026-09-05
  3. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research ServiceFoodData Central Foundation Foods, April 2026 JSON releaseChecked 2026-09-05
  4. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research ServiceFoodData Central SR Legacy, April 2018 JSON releaseChecked 2026-09-05

Take it into the kitchen

Explore this nutrient in simple meals. Recipe pages show estimated amounts and missing data.

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