compound

Starch

Starch is a plant storage carbohydrate made of linked glucose units.

Digestible starch is broken down into glucose, while some starch can resist digestion and behave as dietary fibre.

A glucose polymer

Starch is a chain of glucose units. Digestive enzymes can release those units for absorption, but starch structure, food matrix and preparation affect how quickly and how much becomes available.

Food sources

Per 100 g
Food amounts per 100 g
FoodPer 100 g
White rice, long-grain, raw74.4 g
Brown rice, long-grain, raw71.6 g
Rolled oats53.8 g
Lentils37.1 g
Chickpeas, canned and rinsed12.8 g
Show 3 more foods
Food amounts per 100 g
FoodPer 100 g
Hummus, commercial8.12 g
Banana, ripe, raw3.66 g
Carrots, frozen and unprepared0.38 g
About these amounts

These values describe the named food and preparation. A 100 g comparison is not a suggested serving. Small amounts are rounded for display; an unreported amount is not zero.

Portions recorded by the source

  • Hummus, commercial: 2 tablespoon (33.9 g) — 2.75 g.

The source records and EFSA guidance are linked in References below.

Related topics

  • Starch can be digested to Glucose

    Digestible starch is broken down into glucose units that can be absorbed and used in metabolism.

Worth knowing

  • Some starch is resistant. EFSA includes resistant starch among non-digestible carbohydrates considered within dietary fibre when it meets the definition.

  • It has branched and unbranched forms. Amylose is mostly linear and amylopectin is branched; their structures affect how starch is arranged and digested.

A closer look

Preparation changes the matrix

Cooking and cooling can change starch structure and the proportion that resists digestion. Food structure therefore affects how much starch is available for absorption.

Digestion happens in stages

Digestive enzymes split digestible starch into smaller sugars before the small intestine absorbs glucose.

References

Source-checked local draft.
Human editorial review pending.

  1. European Food Safety AuthorityScientific Opinion on Dietary Reference Values for carbohydrates and dietary fibreChecked 2026-09-05
  2. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research ServiceFoodData Central Foundation Foods, April 2026 JSON releaseChecked 2026-09-05
  3. NIH Office of Dietary SupplementsIron: Fact Sheet for Health ProfessionalsChecked 2026-09-05
  4. USDA Agricultural Research ServiceFoodData CentralChecked 2026-09-04