nutrient

Phenylalanine

An essential aromatic amino acid that supplies tyrosine.

Phenylalanine is incorporated into proteins and can be converted to tyrosine, which then enters specialised pathways.

A precursor for tyrosine

Phenylalanine hydroxylase converts phenylalanine to tyrosine. Tyrosine can then enter catecholamine, thyroid-hormone and melanin pathways.

Related topics

  • Phenylalanine is used to build Protein

    Phenylalanine is one of the amino acids used to assemble proteins.

Worth knowing

  • It is required from dietary protein. Humans cannot make enough phenylalanine and obtain it from dietary protein.

A closer look

The conversion is enzyme-controlled

The rate at which phenylalanine becomes tyrosine depends on enzyme activity and amino-acid handling.

The conversion has an enzyme step

Phenylalanine hydroxylase converts phenylalanine to tyrosine before tyrosine enters its own specialised pathways.

References

Source-checked local draft.
Human editorial review pending.

  1. NIH National Library of MedicineBiochemistry, Essential Amino AcidsChecked 2026-09-05
  2. NIH National Library of MedicineBiochemistry, Protein CatabolismChecked 2026-09-05