nutrient

Phenylalanine

An essential aromatic amino acid that supplies tyrosine.

Educational draft · Human scientific and editorial review pending. About review status

Phenylalanine is incorporated into proteins and can be converted to tyrosine, which then enters specialised pathways.

How it works

A precursor for tyrosine

Phenylalanine hydroxylase converts phenylalanine to tyrosine. Tyrosine can then enter catecholamine, thyroid-hormone and melanin pathways.

Related topics

Worth knowing

  • It is required from dietary protein. Humans cannot make enough phenylalanine and obtain it from dietary protein.

A closer look

The conversion is enzyme-controlled

The rate at which phenylalanine becomes tyrosine depends on enzyme activity and amino-acid handling.

The conversion has an enzyme step

Phenylalanine hydroxylase converts phenylalanine to tyrosine before tyrosine enters its own specialised pathways.

References

Source-checked local draft.
Human editorial review pending.

  1. NIH National Library of Medicine (opens in new tab)Biochemistry, Essential Amino AcidsChecked 2026-09-05
  2. NIH National Library of Medicine (opens in new tab)Biochemistry, Protein CatabolismChecked 2026-09-05

Take it into the kitchen

Explore this nutrient in simple meals. Recipe pages show estimated amounts and missing data.

Chicken corn tortilla fold · 20 min →

Pineapple cashew chicken pan · 25 min →

Coconut ginger chicken rice · 25 min →

Compare meals by phenylalanine →