nutrient

Isoleucine

A branched-chain essential amino acid used in proteins and energy metabolism.

Educational draft · Human scientific and editorial review pending. About review status

Isoleucine has a branched hydrocarbon side chain and a carbon portion that enters central metabolism after amino-group removal.

How it works

One member of a three-amino-acid group

Isoleucine is one of the three branched-chain amino acids. Its branch structure groups it with leucine and valine, while its carbon route remains distinct.

Related topics

Worth knowing

  • It is dietarily essential. Isoleucine is one of nine amino acids humans must obtain from food.

A closer look

BCAA members have distinct pathways

Leucine, isoleucine and valine share a branched side chain but differ in their carbon-skeleton pathways.

Carbon fate is specific

Isoleucine can contribute to both glucogenic and ketogenic metabolic products after catabolism.

References

Source-checked local draft.
Human editorial review pending.

  1. NIH National Library of Medicine (opens in new tab)Biochemistry, Essential Amino AcidsChecked 2026-09-05
  2. NIH National Library of Medicine (opens in new tab)Biochemistry, Protein CatabolismChecked 2026-09-05

Take it into the kitchen

Explore this nutrient in simple meals. Recipe pages show estimated amounts and missing data.

Chicken corn tortilla fold · 20 min →

Pineapple cashew chicken pan · 25 min →

Chicken cabbage ginger rice · 20 min →

Compare meals by isoleucine →