nutrient

Histidine

An essential amino acid whose side chain can exchange protons.

Histidine’s side chain can be uncharged or positively charged near physiological pH, which lets it participate in protein active sites.

A side chain that moves protons

Histidine can accept or donate a proton, helping some protein active sites carry out acid–base chemistry.

Related topics

  • Histidine is used to build Protein

    Histidine is one of the amino acids used to assemble proteins.

Worth knowing

  • It is one of nine essential amino acids. Humans cannot synthesise histidine in sufficient amounts and obtain it from dietary protein.

A closer look

Its charge depends on its surroundings

Whether histidine accepts or donates a proton depends on the surrounding protein environment and local pH.

References

Source-checked local draft.
Human editorial review pending.

  1. NIH National Library of MedicineBiochemistry, Essential Amino AcidsChecked 2026-09-05
  2. NIH National Library of MedicineBiochemistry, Protein CatabolismChecked 2026-09-05
  3. NIH National Library of MedicineBiochemistry, Primary Protein StructureChecked 2026-09-05
  4. NIH National Library of MedicineBiochemistry, Collagen SynthesisChecked 2026-09-05