hormone

Thyroxine (T4)

T4 is the main thyroid hormone released into circulation and a precursor that tissues convert to T3.

T4 contains four iodine atoms and has a longer circulating half-life than T3; most activity comes after conversion or receptor interaction in tissues.

A circulating precursor

The thyroid secretes mostly T4, which travels in blood bound to transport proteins. Peripheral tissues remove an iodine atom to make T3 or produce reverse T3. These conversion routes help explain why T4 and T3 are separate entities.

Related topics

  • Iodine is incorporated into Thyroxine (T4)

    The thyroid incorporates iodine into thyroxine (T4), one of the thyroid hormones.

  • Thyroxine (T4) is converted in tissues to Triiodothyronine (T3)

    Peripheral tissues convert some T4 to the more receptor-active T3.

Worth knowing

  • T4 is not simply inactive. T4 has biological actions and serves as the major circulating reservoir for T3 production; “inactive precursor” is an oversimplification.

  • It contains four iodine atoms. The four iodine atoms in thyroxine distinguish T4 structurally from triiodothyronine, which contains three.

A closer look

Iodine is a structural input

Iodine is incorporated into thyroid hormones during synthesis. Iodine supply and thyroid-hormone production are related but distinct processes.

References

Source-checked local draft.
Human editorial review pending.

  1. NIH National Library of MedicinePhysiology, Thyroid HormoneChecked 2026-09-05
  2. NIH National Library of MedicinePhysiology, Endocrine HormonesChecked 2026-09-05
  3. NIH Office of Dietary SupplementsIodine: Fact Sheet for Health ProfessionalsChecked 2026-09-05