hormone

Ghrelin

Ghrelin is a gut-derived peptide hormone involved in appetite signalling and growth-hormone release.

The stomach is a major source; ghrelin levels and activity change with fasting, meals and circadian context.

A meal-related gut signal

Ghrelin is produced mainly in the stomach and acts through the growth-hormone secretagogue receptor. Its best-known physiological role is signalling hunger and coordinating energy homeostasis, while it also affects gastric motility and growth-hormone release.

Roles and processes

  • Ghrelin signals to Appetite regulation

    Ghrelin is one gut-derived signal integrated by appetite-regulation circuits.

Worth knowing

  • It has more than one form. Acylated and desacyl ghrelin circulate in different proportions, and the acylated form is the better characterised activator of the canonical receptor.

A closer look

“Hunger hormone” is shorthand

Ghrelin is one signal in a network that includes leptin, gut peptides, the nervous system and meal context.

Meal timing changes its signal

Ghrelin generally rises during fasting and before meals and falls after eating, with patterns shaped by meal and circadian context.

References

Source-checked local draft.
Human editorial review pending.

  1. NIH National Library of MedicineBiochemistry, GhrelinChecked 2026-09-05
  2. NIH National Library of MedicinePhysiology, Appetite And Weight RegulationChecked 2026-09-05